Mechanism Study of Indigo Carmine (IC) Dye removal by adsorption using Nano Charcoal based on Walnut shells

Abstract

Effluents from textile industries pose significant environmental and human health problems especially since some textile factories discharge highly colored wastewater into the River, affecting water quality and local activities. This study aims to develop an eco-friendly method to remove Indigo Carmine (IC) dye from the water using Walnut shells-based activated carbon (WSAC). Adsorption was conducted by mixing powdered WSAC with IC dye at 120 rpm. Parameters such as contact time, absorbent quantity, and dye concentration were examined. Samples were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 610 nm. Kinetic and isotherm models were used to describe adsorption properties. The study found that 98 % of IC dye could be removed using 750 mg of powdered activated carbon in 100 ml solution, with an equilibrium time of 40 minutes. The pseudo-second-order model best described the adsorption with a correlation coefficient of R² = 0.9905.