Broad-Band Rectangular Patch Antenna With Configurable Patch and Partial Ground Plane

Abstract

A rectangular patch microstrip antenna is a tool for wireless communication, suitable due to its advantages such as being low profile, low cost, easy to connect with electronic circuits, and light weight. We introduce a way to increase band width by introducing the technique of reconfigurable patching and tuning of the width of the ground plane. Three steps are done to get the final design, which results in significant effects on return loss and demonstrates bandwidth broadening compared with a traditional rectangular patch antenna. An extensive analysis was conducted to determine the optimal dimensions and parameters of the proposed antenna, including the ground plane width, slot width and length, the gap between the patch edge and ground plane, and the offset of the strip line feed. The optimal dimensions were determined to maximize the performance of the proposed antenna. The optimal dimensions for the width and length of the patch slots are determined to be 2.8 and 7.5 mm, respectively, with a ground plane height of 14.5 mm. The best offset value for strip line feed is -1.5 mm for the y-axis. Finally, the overall bandwidth achieved from the proposed antenna is 10.47 GHz, covering the ultra-wideband range. There are many applications, such as improved Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, and satellite communication.