Neutrophil CD11b in Early-onset Neonatal Sepsis

Abstract

Sepsis refers to a systemic infection involving the bloodstream that is of bacterial, viral, or fungal origin. Sepsis, a major threat to global health, was declared a key healthcare priority by the World Health Organization. Sepsis peaks in extreme age groups, including the neonatal population. A relatively immature cellular and humoral immune system, poor skin and mucosal barrier function, organ immaturity, and exposure to medical procedures such as central venous catheters and tracheal intubation are all risk factors for neonatal sepsis. Neonatal sepsis has also been linked to adverse short- and longterm outcomes. Surviving term and preterm neonates are at high risk of later neurodevelopmental impairment and cerebral palsy, which could cause great socioeconomic burden. Neutrophil CD11b (nCD11b), of the β-integrin adhesion protein family, is important for neutrophil migration to the site of infection. It is expressed in very low levels on the surfaces of unstimulated neutrophils, but the levels increase within 5 minutes of exposure to bacterial products and peak within 30 minutes. Several studies have assessed the diagnostic performance of nCD11b for neonatal sepsis.