Mini Open Coracohumeral Ligament Release and Manipulation for Idiopathic Frozen Shoulder

Abstract

Background: Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) is a painful condition characterized by progressive stiffness and loss of both active and passive range of motion of the glenohumeral joint. Although the exact etiology of idiopathic frozen shoulder remains unclear, the condition is widely believed to involve chronic inflammation, capsular fibrosis, and contracture—particularly of the rotator interval structures, including the coracohumeral ligament (CHL). Traditional treatments range from physiotherapy and intra-articular injections to manipulation under anesthesia and arthroscopic capsular release. However, some patients continue to present with significant stiffness and functional limitation despite conservative therapy. Mini open CHL release combined with manipulation provides a targeted, less invasive option that directly addresses the pathology of the rotator interval and may enhance recovery while minimizing complications associated with larger surgical procedures or full arthroscopic release.