The Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Graft Uptake and Audiometric Outcomes in the Repair of Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Abstract

Background: Tympanic membrane perforation is a common otological condition frequently seen with various causes including trauma and infections. Chronic perforation may lead to hearing loss, recurrent otorrhea due to middle ear infection and so reduced quality of life making surgical repair necessary. Myringoplasty remains the standard treatment; however, graft failure, reperforation and postoperative discharge may still occur. Therefore, there is still a need to search for methods to enhance tympanic membrane healing after myringoplasty. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood-derived product rich in platelets and growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor. These factors promote tissue healing, hemostasis, epithelial regeneration and reduced scarring. Recent studies suggest that using platelet-rich plasma as an adjunct to myringoplasty may improve graft uptake, enhance tympanic membrane healing, reduce postoperative infection and improve hearing outcomes compared with conventional myringoplasty alone. Therefore, platelet-rich plasma represents a promising, safe and effective adjunctive therapy in the repair of tympanic membrane perforation.